Efficacy and safety of different doses of atorvastatin in the treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of different doses of atorvastatin in the treatment of patients with acute coronary syndromes ( ACS) .Methods 134 ACS patients with cardiogenic shock were randomly divided into two groups .On the basis of treatment of anticoagulation ,reduce myocardial oxygen consumption ,dilation of blood vessels and blood pressure ,the patients were divided into conventional treatment group (group A,67 cases):given atorvastatin calcium treatment 20mg/d;intensive treatment group(group B,67 cases):given atorvastatin calcium treatment 80mg/d,the patients were treated for 12 weeks.The levels of TC,TG,LDL-C and HDL -C in the two groups were observed before and after treatment .The incidence of adverse reactions ,including gastrointestinal discom-fort,myalgia,dermatitis,ALT>3ULN,CK>10ULN in the two groups was observed .The incidence of adverse events such as recurrent angina , heart failure, recurrent myocardial infarction and cardiac death was followed up for 3 months,the difference between the two groups was compared .Results There was no statistically significant differ-ence in serum lipid level between the two groups before treatment (all P>0.05).After treatment,the levels of TC and LDL-C were (3.63 ±1.09) mmol/L,(2.18 ±0.91) mmol/L,which were significantly decreased compared with before treatment [TC (5.52 ±1.23)mmol/L,LDL-C (3.87 ±0.88)mmol/L,t=9.413,10.928,all P<0.01].TG and HDL-C had no statistically significant differences compared with before treatment (P>0.05),and the levels ofTC and LDL-C in group B [(3.15 ±1.13)mmol/L,(1.78 ±0.68)mmol/L] were significantly lower than those in group A [(3.63 ±1.09)mmol/L,(2.18 ±0.91)mmol/L,t=2.502,t=2.882,all P<0.01].Regarding the adverse drug reactions,in group A,gastrointestinal discomfort in 2 cases,3 cases of myalgia,dermatitis in 2 cases,ALT >3ULN in 5 cases,CK>10ULN 0 case.In group B,gastrointestinal discomfort in 3 cases,4 cases of myalgia,dermatitis in 2 cases,ALT>3ULN in 9 cases,CK>10ULN in 0 case.There was no statistically significant difference in the inci-dence rate of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05).The incidence rate of recurrent angina in group B (5.9％) was significantly lower than 17.9％in group A (χ2 =4.542,P<0.05).The number of cases of heart fail-ure in group B was less than that in group A , but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the recurrence of myocardial infarction and cardiac death between the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion Compared with conventional dose of atorvastatin ,ACS patients with enhanced atorvastatin treatment have better control of blood lipids ,less re-cardiovascular events ,adverse drug reac-tions has no significant difference ,but it needs to be further experimental observation and strict monitoring .

An analysis on the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 15 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H7 N9)virus in Jiaxing City / 预防医学

Objective To analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of human avian influenza A (H7N9 ) epidemic in Jiaxing City,and to provide scientific basis for the control and prevention of the disease.Methods The epidemiological and clinical information of 15 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9)reported from April, 2013 to May,2015 were collected.Sample of patients and external environmental samples of suspected exposure were collected and detected by real-time PCR.The epidemic distribution and clinical characteristics were analyzed.Results Fifteen cases of human infection with H7N9 were confirmed from April,2013 to May,2015,including 11 cases of death (77.33%).The confirmed cases mostly reported in winter and spring,and 9 confirmed cases were over 60 years,and male case proportion was higher than women (1.5∶1 ).Most of cases (66.67%)were sporadic and occurred in rural areas,but no epidemiological association was observed among the cases.Fever (100%),cough (66.67%),and wheezing and tightness in chest (33.33%)were common initial symptoms.The chest imaging examination of patients showed ground glass opacity and patchy consolidation,and 7 cases had simple pleural effusion.Twelve of confirmed cases had other chronic diseases.Eleven cases of death had appeared multiple medical comorbidities,such as respiratory failure (6/1 1 ),pulmonary embolism (4/1 1 ),multiple systemic organ failure (3/1 1 ),and heart cerebrovascular embolization (2/11).Twelve cases had been exposed to the live poultry markets where the positive rate of novel influenza A (H7N9) virus in environmental specimens was 7.69%(25/325).One of the 252 close contacts to confirmed cases appeared mild flu-like symptoms.No positive result related to novel influenza A (H7N9)virus nucleic acid was detected from each close contact's throat swabs.Conclusion Human infections with avian influenza A (H7N9)virus showed obvious seasonal distribution in Jiaxing.Elderly men,especially those with chronic diseases were the high risk people of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza.The infection might be associated with the exposure to live birds.Standard management of live poultry markets is the key measure in preventing and controlling H7N9 virus infection among population.

Eosin Y-water test for sperm function examination / 中华男科学杂志

Based on the principles of the in vitro staining technique, hypotonic swelling test, and water test, the Eosin Y-water test method was developed to simultaneously detect the integrity of the sperm head and tail and sperm membrane structure and function. As a widely used method in clinical laboratories in China, the Eosin Y-water test is methodologically characterized by three advantages. Firstly, both the sperm head and tail can be detected at the same time, which allows easy and comprehensive assessment of membrane damage in different parts of sperm. Secondly, distilled water is used instead of the usual formula solution to simplify and standardize the test by eliminating any potential effects on the water molecules through the sperm membrane due to different osmotic pressure or different sugar proportions and electrolyte solutions. Thirdly, the test takes less time and thus can be repeated before and after treatment. This article focuses on the fundamental principles and modification of the Eosin Y-water test and its application in sperm function examination and routine semen analysis for male infertility, assessment of the quality of sperm retrieved by testicular fine needle aspiration, semen cryopreservation program development, and evaluation of sperm membrane integrity after microwave radiation.

Male antifertility drugs and cell apoptosis / 中华男科学杂志

Male antifertility drugs can induce contraception by interfering with spermatogenesis progression. Their action mechanism is correlated with the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells. This paper summarizes recent researches on the mechanism of male antifertility-drugs, including testosterone, gossypol, tamoxifen and triptolide, reviews their regulating effect on cell apoptosis and the expression of the key genes and proteins involved, and explores the significance of further researches on male antifertility drugs and cell apoptosis.

Contents of lead, cadmium, zinc and manganese in the follicular fluid and semen of non-professionally exposed infertile couples / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the contents of lead, cadmium, zinc and manganese in the follicular fluid and semen of infertile couples that are not professionally exposed to the four heavy metallic elements.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In vitro fertilization pre-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) was carried out in wives, and follicular fluid collected after routine oocyte retrieval. Semen was obtained from husbands by masturbation. The contents of zinc in the follicular fluid and semen were determined by the flame atom absorption method and those of lead, cadmium and manganese by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average concentrations of lead, cad- mium, zinc and manganese were 151.06 microg/L, 2.02 microg/L, 0.54 mg/L and 28.54 microg/L in the follicular fluid, and 250.23 microg/L, 7.42 microg/L, 189.11 mg/L and 82.15 microg/L in the semen. The follicular fluid samples in which lead, cadmium, zinc or manganese was detected constituted 43.8% (21/48), 22.9% (11/48), 75.0% (36/48) and 50.0% (24/48), and the semen samples accounted for 70.2% (33/47), 31.9% (15/47), 100.0% (47/47) and 46.8% (22/47), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results suggest that the average contents of lead, cadmium, zinc and manganese are higher in the semen than in the follicular fluid in the non-professionally exposed infertile couples, and so is the percentage of the samples containing each of the elements, with the exception of manganese.</p>

Formula and Preparation Technology of Gliclazide Controlled-release Tablets / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To optimize the formula and preparation technology of gliclazide controlled-release tablets. METHODS: Gliclazide controlled-release tablets were prepared in different formulations and the release rates of the prepared tablets were determined to obtain the optimum formula and preparation technology. RESULTS: The optimized formula of gliclazide controlled-release tablets were determined as follow: with HPMC(K4M)=17g and HPMC(E50)=35g as matrix materials; Calcium hydrogen phosphate=91g as the bulking agent and magnesium stearate as lubricant. Gliclazide controlled-release tablets showed a similar release rate as the reference samples. CONCLUSION: The releasing rate of gliclazide controlled-release tablets prepared in the optimized formula is in line with the standards stated in China Pharmacopeia.

Clinical Analysis on 25 Cases of Malignant Ameloblastoma / 医学研究杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical feature of malignant ameloblastoma. Methods A review of 25 cases of malignant ameloblastoma was presented with respect to age, sex, primary site and times of recurrence, site and time of metastasis, results of follow up, pathological type. Results Male patients outnumbered female patients by 1.5 to1. The median age at which the primary tumor was first treated was 30.5 years. The primary sites were mandible(17), maxilla(5), tibia(1), rib(1), ulna(1). The most metastases were found in lung(80%), with cervical lymph nodes and liver each representing 24% and 12% of the metastatic sites. Other sites of metastasis included brain(1), femur(1), thoracic spine(1), spleen(1), myocardial(1), mediastinum(1). The median times of primary recurrence was 2.5 times. The median survival time after metastasis was 2 years. There were four pathological types which were follicular type(4), plexiform type(2), acanthomatous type(1), granular type(1). Conclusins Multiple recurrences developed in most of the 25 patients. The time between diagnosis of primary tumor and appearance of metastasis in 25 patients was long. The most frequent sites of metastasis was lung and cervical lymph nodes. Early adequate resection of the primary tumor to avoid repeated surgical intervention is advocated to prevent tumor spread.

Assessing mandibular bone mineral density with morphometric analysis / 第二军医大学学报

Objective:To determine the effectiveness and validity of morphometric analysis made from dental panoramic tomograms(DPTs) for predicting mandibular bone mineral density(BMD) while taking the result of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA) as gold standard.Methods: Twenty healthy subjects(8 male,12 female) with intact dentition,aged from 1126 years old,were included in the present study.The BMD of each patient was measured at the lumbar spine(L1-L4) by DXA;the results were obtained based on the density of surface(g/cm2).Dental panoramic radiography was carried out using dental panoramic tomography(RTG230/ENR,made in Italy).Mandibular cortical thickness(MCT) and panoramic mandibular index(PMI) values were calculated and their relationship with DXA measurements were subjected to correlation analysis.The validity of MCT and PMI measurements were assessed by sensitivity and specificity.Results: We found mandibular BMD was positively correlated with MCT(r=0.268,P

Evaluation of the anterior transsphincteric removal of rectal villous adenoma / 中国普通外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the value and safety of the anterior transsphincteric operation for treating rectal villous adenoma.Methods The clinical data of 17 cases with rectal villous adenoma,including 6 cases with malignant change,operated by anterior transsphincteric approach at Changzheng hospital,from February 2000 to August 2006,were analyzed retrospectively.The distance between the anal verge and the lower margin of the tumor was 5～ 8 cm(average 7 cm).The tumors were 2～ 5 cm in diamater.Results The rectal villous adenoma was completely removed with negative resection margins in all the 17 patients.Fecal continence,urinary function and sexual function were preserved successfully in all the patients.No postoperative complications developed.The postoperative pathological stage of rectal villous adenoma with malignant change was pTisN0M0 in 3 cases,pT1N0M0 in 2,and pT2N0M0 in 1.At a median follow-up of 46 months,no patients had recurrence.Conclusions Anterior transsphincteric approach is useful and safe for operation of rectal villous adenomas and those with early mmalignant change.It is particularly valuable for large midrectal villous adenoma.

Investigation on SARS in Beijing volunteer blood donors / 中国输血杂志

Objective To investigate the epidemic of severe acute respiratory symdrome(SARS) in Beijing blood donors and make guidance for assuring blood safety during SARS epidemic.Methods Using SARSCoV Ab ELISA Kits, specimens from 2357 donors from Beijing during SARS epidemic phase,1079 preserved samples from Beijing donors collected well before the SARS epidemic,1183 donors from Shandong and Hunan provinces where no SARS had been reported were screed for IgG,IgM,and total antibodies against SARS coronavirus.Donors with reactive samples were followed up,RT PCR were performed to detect the SARS CoV RNA.Results There was no significant difference between the 3 groups of specimens and there was no SARS epidemic or subclinical SARS infections among Beijing blood donors.Conclusion Instead of blood SARS CoV Ab screening, we should focus on the donors inquiry,physical examination and education to prevent SARS transmission by transfusion.